Measurement of the thermal diffusivity of thin films on substrate by the photoacoustic method

Measurements of the thermal diffusivity of thin films on substrate have been performed by the photoacoustic method. In order to examine the method we have built a new apparatus and proposed (1) a system calibration procedure using optically and thermally thick reference samples and (2) a data analysis procedure based on the RG (Rosencwaig and Gersho) theory. As a result of using a transparent photoacoustic cell, the systematic errors which are caused by stray light have been reduced. With this apparatus, measurements have been performed on platinum, titanium, and stainless steel (SUS304) thin foils (thickness form 50 to 100 µm) with three different liquid backing materials (water, glycerol, and ethyl alcohol). The reproducibility was within ±7% regardless of film thickness and substrate materials.     

Novel miniature integrated optical goniometers

A new principle and arrangement for directly determining the angle of incidence of an optical beam on an object are proposed and demonstrated. The novelty of the approach lies in the realization of a ‘smart object’, which extracts a portion of the incident beam's power into an optical waveguide attached to the object's surface or embedded in its body for converting the angle of incidence into the position of a guided beam with finite lateral extent. This ‘integrated optical light pointer’ beam is accomplished by means of creating additional degrees of freedom on the target in two different ways. While a first type is based on introducing spatial variations of the waveguide thickness, a second type makes use of a chirp of the grating periodicity. The feasibility for practical applications has been experimentally demonstrated by a direct comparison with a commercial high-resolution encoder, resulting in an r.m.s. error of <30′'. Measurements have been performed for chips fabricated based on replicated polycarbonate substrates and with no external optics, showing the great potential of this approach for realizing low-cost yet high-performance miniature goniometers.     

羊皮服装革的压缩性能及其与丰满性的关系的研究

本文研究了羊皮服装革的压缩性能。对压缩系数（Ｋｃ）与羊皮服装革手感丰满性的关系进行了讨论。结果表明：压缩系数Ｋｃ反映出革的手感丰满程度。     

姚河坝水电站工程的重大地质变化及处理措施

介绍姚河坝水电站由于前期的地质勘探工作深度不够，在厂房后边坡、调压井和引水隧洞下段的施工过程中地质条件所发生的重大变化及具体处理措施，通过分析对工程投资和工期的影响，总结了其中的经验和教训。     

FDDI及其网络规划设计

从参考模型等方面阐述了FDDI标准，讨论了FDDI的主要组网方式，并以实例阐述了网络的规划设计。     

A storage heat pump using an ‘ozone-friendly’ refrigerant

The paper describes the integration of a chemical and a vapour-compression heat pump for energy storage applications. The vapour-compression system is designed to operate using the UK cheap rate ‘Economy 7’ electricity tariff. The system is characterized thermodynamically using various refrigerant/absorbent pairs in the chemical storage circuit and an ozone-friendly refrigerant, R134a, in the vapour-compression circuit. Results indicate that the H₂O/Na₂S pair provides a high energy storage density and is the most suitable for use in this system. The paper also describes the design features of a domestic-sized version of this heat pump system. Air in the sunspace (conservatory) of a house was used as a heat source for the heat pump.     

瀑布沟工程的水文分析计算

本文简要的介绍了瀑布沟工程水文分析计算主要依据站的选定和基本资料的插补延长,以及径流、洪水的分析计算方法.在可行性研究阶段水文成果(通过审查)和新设立的毛头码水文站所取得的数年水文资料的基础上,将初设阶段对可行性研究阶段的水文分析计算方法和成果进行验证和补充的情况重点予以介绍.     

热等静压技术的发展及应用

在介绍热等静压技术和设备发展的基础上，对其在提高铸件质量以及拓展高速钢、双炼钢和超级双炼钢、高性能陶瓷等新型材料应用领域方面的作用，进行了较全面的阐述。并预计，因热等静压技术所具有的优势，在今后几年其应用增长可达到每年递增15％-20％的水平，且随着其在铝加工工艺中应用的拓展，年增长率可望达到25％。     

用于液晶光阀空间光调制器的ITO透明导电膜的研制

本文介绍了ITO(Indium Tin Oxide)透明导电膜的制备工艺,对影响其光学和电学特性的因素作了分析。并讨论了透明导电的机理,在K9玻璃上制备的ITO透明导电膜,在500～600nm波长范围内,典型的峰值透过率为90％,面电阻为40～50Ω/□。用该技术制备的样品作为透明电极,在液晶光阀空间光调制器中得到了应用。